Abstract
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is an important tool for the management of urolithiasis. The effects of shockwaves on tissues are established. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the microscopic semen characteristics of young men before and after ESWL treatment for lower ureteral calculi.
Literature searches were performed following the Cochrane guidelines. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that included six trials that investigated the effects of ESWL on semen parameters, including sperm concentration, motility, and hematospermia. Meta-analyses were performed using fixed and random-effects models with tests for publication bias and heterogeneity.
Significant worsening was detected in sperm concentration and motility after ESWL between case and control groups (mean difference -17.23, 95% confidence interval -22.53 to -11.93, p<0.00001, mean difference -10.82, 95% confidence interval -18.56 to -3.07, p = 0.006). Rate of microscopic and macroscopic hematospermia was significantly higher after ESWL between case and control groups [risk ratio (RR) 40.00, 95% confidence interval 10.11-158.30, p<0.00001, RR 14.33, 95% confidence interval 2.82-72.90, p = 0.001]. All parameters recovered after 3 months.
This study showed sperm concentration, motility, and rate of hematospermia (microscopic and macroscopic) were affected by ESWL that was used for the treatment of lower ureteral stone. Long-term studies with a focus on male fertility (i.e., pregnancy rates) after ESWL are warranted.
Urologia 2017; 84(1): 28 - 34
Article Type: REVIEW
DOI:10.5301/uro.5000205
Authors
Mohammad H. Radfar, Nasser Simforoosh, Mehdi Sotoudeh, Mehdi H. Ramezani, Mohammad J. Mollakoochakian, Maryam Nikravesh, Hamidreza ShemshakiArticle History
- • Accepted on 28/10/2016
- • Available online on 02/12/2016
- • Published in print on 03/02/2017
Disclosures
This article is available as full text PDF.
Authors
- Radfar, Mohammad H. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1
- Simforoosh, Nasser [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1
- Sotoudeh, Mehdi [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1
- Ramezani, Mehdi H. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1
- Mollakoochakian, Mohammad J. [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1
- Nikravesh, Maryam [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1
- Shemshaki, Hamidreza [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 1, 2, * Corresponding Author (hshemshaki@sbmu.ac.ir)
Affiliations
-
Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran -
Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran - Iran
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